6. CBCT (cone beam CT) based on flat panel detectors (FPD)

3D reconstruction using X-ray matrix detectors mounted on motorized arches (C-arms) has been implemented with image intensifiers (IIR) since the 1990s, with obvious limitations and limited success (insufficient dynamic range (12 bits), high distortion, impact of the changing position of the earth's magnetic field in the tube during its movement, which displaces image defects linked to the primary screen and makes their correction complex). As a result, the use of brightness amplifiers has been abandoned in favor of flat-panel detectors (FPDs), which are enjoying growing success.

Today, CBCT (in the following, this term will be reserved for 3D applications using flat detectors) is used for the following medical modalities:

• IGRT (Image-Guided Radio-Therapy) ;

• interventional vascular...