2. Ingredients for a good MaaS

Even if transport users all over Europe share the same aspirations, each territory is different in terms of morphology, governance and political strategy. In other words, there are as many MaaSs as there are territories. So much for those who extol a single model that could be "copied and pasted" everywhere... How can we analyze and compare them? One of the first possibilities is to analyze the ROI targeted by each of them:

• Becoming a benchmark innovation region attracts start-ups and divisions of major groups looking for a favorable playground for innovation in mobility. This is the Helsinki scenario taken to the extreme, where critical mass is less about users than about accessible technical building blocks, local players and a culture conducive to ecosystem projects. This approach presupposes maximum accessibility of data and service bricks...