3. How can we turn alternative jet fuels into reality?

As we have already seen, there is already an industrial sector producing SAF, HEFA-SPK, via HVO units, the number of which is growing rapidly worldwide, in Europe and Asia, and increasingly in the Americas, especially the USA (figure 49 ). Indeed, capacity is set to rise from around 8 Mt/year in 2020 to almost 25 Mt/year in 2025, with the announcement of very large projects with unit capacities in excess of 1 Mt/year (figure 50 ). However, only a fraction of the announced capacity will be used to produce HEFA-SPKs, even if the announced units are increasingly geared towards SAF production, due to demand from the aerospace industry. Today, SAF production by this route is unlikely to exceed 200 kt/year. In...