3. How do you estimate measurement bias?
Bias can be evaluated using different calculation methods (point or confidence interval). If the method is point-based, the bias will be compared with a tolerance. It will then be necessary to know this tolerance (regulatory, feedback, etc.). If the method takes account of data uncertainty, we will seek to demonstrate statistically the absence or presence of a significant bias. As the notion of tolerance does not come into play, knowledge of statistics is required.
3.1 Estimating point bias
The point method is the simplest. Accuracy is characterized as follows: Bias = observed mean – target.
The calculated bias is then compared with a tolerance.
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Bibliography
ISO 3534-1 Statistics – Vocabulary and symbols – Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in probability calculations
JCGM 200: 2012 international vocabulary of metrology – Fundamental and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
ISO 5725-1 accuracy and precision-principles
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