1. Basic concepts of ultrasonic waves
1.1 Definition and main features
An ultrasonic wave is a mechanical vibration propagating in an elastic medium (solid, liquid or gas) at a frequency above the audible range.
A wave with a frequency between 20 kHz and 1 GHz is considered ultrasonic.
Frequencies used for flow measurement range from 200 kHz to 4 MHz.
Ultrasonic waves have all the general properties of elastic waves. They have no properties of their own.
The advantage of ultrasound lies in its small wavelength, which is often of the same order of magnitude as the characteristic dimensions of the media it passes through (grain diameter, heterogeneities, any defects), enabling it...
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Basic concepts of ultrasonic waves
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