3. Emissivity of real materials
If the emissivity of a material does not depend on wavelength, it is called a "gray body". However, this property is not encountered in reality, and a body whose emissivity does not vary in the spectral range under study or of interest is referred to as a "gray body". A gray body whose spectral properties do not vary with temperature has a total emissivity that also does not vary with temperature. Conversely, a surface whose spectral emissivity varies with wavelength will have a total emissivity that varies with temperature, as the spectral distribution of blackbody radiation varies with temperature.
Reliable bibliographical sources are available. Reference works include those of the Thermophysical Properties Research Center at Purdue University (USA), edited by Y.S. Touloukian. These include...
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Emissivity of real materials
Different methods for measuring thermal emissivity
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