5. Conclusion

Environmental reflexivity has a well-documented centuries-long anthropological, philosophical, and historical history, particularly in relation to colonization and industrialization. Scientific ecology emerged in the Anglo-Saxon world at the end of the 19th century, but it was not institutionalized in France until the second half of the 20th century, at a time when the damage caused by human activities to the environment was the subject of several publications by committed scientists. Scientific ecology became a basis for environmental awareness, which environmental, civic, and political movements drew on from the 1970s onwards.

The first World Climate Conference was held in Geneva in 1971. In 1972, two landmark reports warned of environmental degradation, development inequalities, and the Earth's limits in the face of population and economic growth (the Stockholm...