4. Energy efficiency, demand management and load control

The deployment of smart grids requires a profound change in everyone's roles. In particular, the European Energy Efficiency Directive requires energy suppliers to commit to reducing their customers' consumption by 1.5% per year. However, achieving this objective depends on their active participation. Consumers, who are increasingly called upon in this new situation, become "consom'acteur", i.e. both energy consumers and major players in MDE, which aims to control load through active equipment management.