5. Legislation – Quotas

5.1 Kyoto Protocol – COP21 and its implications

To combat climate change, at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Rio in 1992, industrialized countries agreed to stabilize their greenhouse gas emissions, and all signatory countries agreed to draw up an inventory of their emissions. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol (COP3, Conference of the Parties No. 3) provides for a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. It came into force on February 16, 2005. A global reduction of 5.2% in CO ₂ emissions by 2012 was agreed, taking 1990 as the reference year. For Europe, this commitment translates into an 8% reduction in its discharged flows, and for France, to the maintenance of its 1990 emissions. Between 1990 and 2018, GHG...