ICPE hazard studies — Compensatory measures – Examples: prevention of slick fires and BLEVE

Compensatory measures are defined as part of the hazard study for an operating permit application. Fascicules [G 4 210] ("Étude de dangers des ICPE, identification des dangers") and [G 4 211] ("Étude de dangers des ICPE : étude des scénarios") identify the hazards likely to occur on a site, and their potential impact. Certain phenomena were described, such as fire, UVCE (Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion), BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion), an explosion accompanied by a "fireball" if the liquefied gas is flammable, and the dispersion of toxic gases.

Once the hazards and impacts have been identified, it is essential to be able to limit the consequences of these events by implementing compensatory measures. Leaflet [G 4 212] ("Étude de dangers des ICPE : mesures compensatoires") describes a number of possible compensatory measures (internal and external).

The examples described in this booklet illustrate certain compensatory measures for two phenomena that can have serious consequences: slick fires and BLEVE. After an overview of these phenomena, examples of compensatory measures are described. These compensatory measures are not exhaustive.