8. Ecological issues –Global water challenges

Water is unevenly distributed across the planet and is increasingly polluted. On a global scale, water-related challenges are numerous and are compounded by population growth and climate change. The latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), released in August 2021, is alarming about the impacts of climate change, and in particular on water. Humans are thus faced with major challenges at different levels of resolution depending on the regions of the globe.

Thus, water-related issues are present in almost every region of the world, but the immediate concerns differ according to the country's geographical location and level of development:

• countries in Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, China and India (figures