4. Ion exchangers

4.1 General information on ion exchangers

Generally speaking, ion exchangers are insoluble granular substances, mineral or organic, of natural or synthetic origin, which contain acidic or basic functions capable of exchanging their mobile ions with ions of the same sign contained in the solutions with which they are brought into contact. This form of exchange is generally an equilibrium reaction, of the form :

Such a reaction is a permutation, which changes neither...