10. Reuse of treated wastewater

Wastewater treated in WWTPs, instead of being discharged directly into the natural environment, constitutes a new water resource that can be valorized in a variety of ways:

• agricultural, forestry, urban and leisure (golf courses) watering ;

• industrial uses (cooling, washing floors, vehicles, machines, etc.);

• groundwater recharge ;

• low-water support for rivers ;

• feeding wetlands ;

• domestic uses (floor washing, watering, toilet flushing, etc.).

Depending on the type of reuse, tertiary treatment of treated wastewater from WWTPs is often essential. The design of the additional treatment process must take into account the intended uses, the variability...