Background: Principles, Sectors, and Needs of Photovoltaics
Atomic layer deposition for photovoltaics

Access to clean, renewable energy and the development of storage capabilities are two key components of the global energy challenge. Photovoltaic (PV) conversion—that is, the direct conversion of solar radiation into electrical energy—is one of the pillars of this transition. PV holds a leading position in terms of both growth and future prospects. Projections indicate that by 2050, this technology will become the primary source of clean energy, with 63.4 TWp of cumulative installed capacity and approximately 4.5 TWp installed annually by 2050. These figures compare to the 602 GWp installed and the 2,165.6 GWp cumulative capacity by the end of 2024