1. Context

Contracts are ubiquitous in everyday life and in international activities.

Here, we focus solely on contracts between professionals, leaving aside, for example, consumer law, which is subject to special rules in French law, often derived from European Union law.

We're more interested in written contracts, even if in certain situations they can be oral. We will also look at electronic contracts. Because some contracts are more problematic than others, we'll be looking at successive performance contracts and complex arrangements such as BOT (Build Operate Transfer), which are particularly useful internationally.

However, in addition to these commercial contracts, there are relationships between companies and banks, for example, which are also based on contracts, but with distinct problems and issues. For example, when...