7. End of life
7.1 Biodegradation
A material is biodegradable if it can be assimilated by micro-organisms, which will digest it and produce mainly CO 2 and water. Depending on the surrounding conditions (temperature, ambient humidity, types of micro-organisms), biodegradable materials take more or less time to degrade. To avoid any confusion, it is important to specify the conditions under which the material is biodegradable. To do this, it is best practice to mention the biodegradation standard that may apply to the material.
Depending on the environmental conditions and the associated micro-organisms, there are several standards in force today. The main ones...
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End of life
Conclusion
Bibliography
- (1) - E. B. &. N. Institute - « http://www.european-bioplastics.org » [En ligne] (décembre 2016).
- (2) - Natureworks - « Innovation Takesroot Conference »....
Websites
Bioplastics magazine – Reference magazine for biopolymers
http://www.bioplasticsmagazine.com (page consulted on February 27, 2017)
Events
Biannual conference organized by Natureworks – Innovation takes root.
http://www.innovationtakesroot.com
Biannual conference – PLA world congress.
http://www.bioplasticsmagazine.com/en/events/4plaworldcongress
...Standards and norms
- Evaluation of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions – Method by analysis of released carbon dioxide. - ISO 14855 -
- Packaging – Requirements for packaging recoverable by composting and biodegradation – Test program and assessment criteria for final acceptance of packaging. - EN 13432 -
- Plastics – Specifications for plastics suitable for home composting....
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PLA producers
Natureworks (United States)
Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co. LTD (China)
Synbra Holding BV (Netherlands)
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