Overview
Read this article from a comprehensive knowledge base, updated and supplemented with articles reviewed by scientific committees.
Read the articleAUTHORS
-
Eric GUILLAUME: General Manager - Efectis, Saint-Aubin France
-
Anne THIRY-MULLER: Fire science and measurement - Laboratoire Central de la Préfecture de Police, Paris, France
INTRODUCTION
Ensuring the safety of occupants is one of the key objectives in the event of fire or emergency evacuation. Thus, in any fire safety engineering study, and more generally in the safety assessment of a built structure or transport system, the evacuation of people to a safe refuge sheltered from fire effluents must be ensured in the shortest possible time.
Modeling tools have been developed to calculate the time required for evacuation. The main difficulty faced by the developers of these tools is equating the behavior of individuals. Initially analytical, these models have become increasingly complex, incorporating elements of human behavior. Numerous approaches have been integrated to deal with movement and social behavior.
Several levels of analysis are possible ("macroscopic", i.e. global, or "microscopic", focusing on each individual). Multi-agent models have been developed to deal with the behavior of populations with varied properties, enabling probabilistic analysis of a large number of evacuation situations. Numerical evacuation models are also beginning to be coupled with smoke transport tools, incorporating the variability of individual characteristics.
This in-depth analysis of evacuation is gradually being introduced into building and transport regulations, in particular through the opening up of fire safety engineering. The aim is to design more effective structures for public safety, and to optimize the flow of people in the event of evacuation.
At the end of each article, the reader will find a glossary containing the most important definitions of terms and expressions relating to the subject in question.
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Safety and risk management
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
Fire evacuation modeling
Evacuation modeling concepts
Bibliography
Websites
International survey of Computer models for fire and smoke. Combustion Science and Engineering, inc.
http://www.firemodelsurvey.com/
Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics Group
Wiki Pedestrian and Evacuation...
Events
International Association of Fire Safety Science's International Symposium of Fire Safety Science, held every 4 years
Human Behaviour in Fires conference, organized by Interscience Communications
...Standards and norms
- Sécurité incendie. Vocabulaire - NF EN ISO 13943 - Janvier 2018
- Fire safety engineering – Procedures and requirements for the verification and validation of calculation methods – Part 1: General information – Fire safety engineering – Procedures and requirements for checking and verifying calculation methods – Part 1: General information - NF ISO 16730-1 - Février 2016
- Fire safety engineering – Evaluation,...
Regulations
Arrêté du 25 juin 1980 modifié portant approbation des dispositions générales du règlement de sécurité contre les risques d'incendie et de panique dans les établissements recevant du public.
Decree of December 24, 2007, approving safety rules against the risks of fire and panic in railway stations.
IMO Circular MSC.1/circ. 1238 2007 Guidelines for Evacuation analysis for new...
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
The International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS)
Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE)
Groupe de Recherche...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
