10. Genotoxicity. Mutagenesis
Strictly speaking, a "mutation" is any sudden, permanent change in the genetic make-up, involving a change in the number or quality of genes (DNA alterations, DNA adducts, chromosome breaks).
We distinguish :
mutagenesis: hereditary mutations in germ cells (reproductive cells) theoretically transmissible to offspring;
genotoxicity: alteration of the cell's genetic heritage that cannot be passed on to offspring, resulting in cellular dysfunction that can lead to cancer of the organs affected.
Toxins act on chromosomes and genetic material (DNA).
10.1 Actions on chromosomes (chromosomal aberrations)
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Genotoxicity. Mutagenesis
Carcinogenesis
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