4. Making a biochip

4.1 The importance of surface chemistry

As mentioned in the introduction, optical biochips require the involvement of several scientific disciplines (microelectronics, chemistry, biology, bioinformatics, optics, etc.). One of the key points in the implementation of biochip systems lies in mastering the production of active biochip surfaces. Indeed, the specifications for these surfaces are relatively restrictive: overall, they must be biochemically inert, except in the active zones forming the measurement pads, where each must be reactive to a specific target. .