1. From biological samples to proteins

1.1 Extraction and solubilization

Whatever the proteomic study to be carried out, sample preparation is by far the most important stage in the analysis. All the proteins in the sample must not only be extracted, but also soluble, without their interaction partners (protein/DNA, protein/RNA, metabolite, etc.). Moreover, for two-dimensional electrophoresis, proteins must remain soluble close to their isoelectric point (pI). It is also clear that extraction and solubilization must be reproducible. Several approaches are described in the literature