1. Exploited or directly exploitable channels

1.1 From fossil fuels

Today, this process is mainly used to produce hydrogen for the oil refining and chemical industries. It is similar to the catalytic reforming of naphtha (refining to produce fuels), the first stage of which produces hydrogen. These processes can of course be used to supply hydrogen energy, but the large quantities of carbon dioxide they release seriously undermine their appeal, unless the latter is not released into the atmosphere.

Hydrogen is obtained from fossil fuels via synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and to a lesser extent carbon dioxide, methane and water