1. From PLC design to the integration process

As soon as mechanical systems were born, the need for system regulation became apparent. Indeed, to keep a fire burning or to monitor the cooking of a food product, you need to be attentive and intervene at the right moment, which can be translated as regulation or feedback using an automatic means.

The need to keep physical quantities constant appeared very early on. In clepsydra (in Greek times), it was necessary to regulate the flow of water to represent the passage of time; in the first furnaces, it was the temperature that needed to be kept constant; in mills, it was the position of the wings in relation to the wind and the speed of rotation of the millstones that were the subject of regulation systems.

With the arrival of the industrial revolution, energy sources such as steam engines in the 18th century, followed by hydraulic turbines...