Introduction to mechatronics

Mechatronics is the integration of technologies from mechanics, electronics, automation and IT into the design and manufacture of a product, with the aim of increasing and/or optimizing its functionality. This is neither a science nor a technology, but rather an approach to integrating technologies in synergy. Historically, this approach was first applied to automation, which required the use of electronic technologies. Then, with the advent of computers, microprocessors and Internet technology, new products appeared and the possibilities of existing products, which integrated these technologies, were multiplied tenfold. Mechatronics, which first emerged in the aeronautics industry, then spread to the automotive sector, and gradually invaded mechanical engineering products.

However, the integration approach and the associated design and simulation methods are still in their infancy, as are the possibilities offered by the merged technologies. Today, fields such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence are helping to further multiply the possibilities offered by this integration of technologies. After a brief history of this approach, the article explains what characterizes a mechatronic component or system, looks at a few examples, and then defines the various fields covered by mechatronics.

A glossary of terms is provided at the end of the article.