3. The role of temperature
Temperature was deliberately ignored in the previous paragraph. The operating conditions of machine components usually require them to work at room temperature ("300 K), but many also at medium or high temperatures, and in some cases at low temperatures (cryogenic range). What implications does this service condition have for metallic materials?
3.1 Temperature and cohesion
The absolute temperature [T (K) = T ( °C) + 273.15] is the macroscopic expression of the random agitation of matter particles. Thus, at absolute zero degrees (inaccessible temperature), there is no agitation whatsoever. At temperature T (K), the energy of thermal agitation is (1/2) kT (k = 1.38 · 10 – 23 J/K being Boltzmann's constant) per degree...
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The role of temperature
Combined action of stress and temperature
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