3. Tools

3.1 Tool types: simple and sliding tools

Tooling is generally made up of solid foundry components, comprising the upper and lower frames, the punch, the die and the blank holder. Their constitutional rigidity ensures transmission of forming forces from the press to the sheet metal. They are equipped with sheet metal chutes to evacuate scrap material to scrap traps, where it is collected by underground conveyors (up to 40% of the material used).

Tooling with slides (figure 11 ) allows the plunger's vertical force to be redirected in horizontal or oblique directions, so that the part can be worked in several directions at once, different from the tool's vertical...