3. Chip
3.1 Cutting directions
Wood is an anisotropic material. The wood material (fibres, vessels and rays) is oriented in three main directions (figure 14 ):
the axial or longitudinal direction, defined by the orientation of the fibers; this is also the general direction of the log (shaft);
the radial direction, perpendicular to the previous one and passing through the center of the growth rings;
the tangential direction, perpendicular to the previous two and defined tangentially to the rings.
The direct consequence of this anisotropy is the difference...
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Chip
Sharp edge wear
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