Incidental and accidental conditions

Thermomecanics of fuel for pressurized water reactors

Figure 1 - Fine distribution of axial velocity in a quarter joint downstream of 2 bottom end fittings of different designs (CFD calculations)

Figure 2 - Axial and lateral static behavior model of the assembly

Figure 3 - Lateral stiffness of assembly

Figure 4 - Stresses in the hole plate on the top end of the assembly

Figure 5 - Photo and pad diagram

Figure 6 - Diagram of pencil components

Figure 7 - Temperature profiles in a pencil typical of PWR operation

Figure 8 - Ceramographic section of a wafer after irradiation

Figure 9 - Gas release rate as a function of depletion for UO2 and MOX fuels in PWRs

Figure 10 - PWR corrosion of two zirconium alloys

Figure 11 - Diagram of couplings taken into account in a thermomechanical calculation code

Figure 12 - Maximum and minimum depletion histories

Figure 13 - Maximum pellet temperature trends for the maximum exhaustion pencil

Figure 14 - Evolution of internal pressure for minimum and maximum exhaustion pencils

Figure 15 - Finite element modeling of sheath stresses on either side of a pad fracture

Figure 16 - Axial dynamic assembly behavior model for an accident study

Figure 17 - General reactor model. Horizontal peak response

Figure 18 - Model of a row of 15 assemblies