2. Global warming

Global warming has become a crucial issue for all mankind. This issue is monitored in its various aspects by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which publishes periodic reports analyzing the situation and the measures to be taken.

Carbon dioxide emitted by fossil fuels acts as a greenhouse gas, warming the Earth's surface. It is the gas that contributes most to the greenhouse effect (76%, of which 65% from fossil fuels and 11% from deforestation or biomass decomposition, in 2010).

The other greenhouse gases are methane, nitrous oxide N ₂ O, as well as some industrial gases, perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride SF ₆ . According to the fifth IPCC report, for a time horizon of 100 years, compared to CO _...