7. Africa

Africa, which is a relatively important source of oil and gas, consumes little energy despite its large population (over 15% of the world's population for 3% of energy consumption).

Firewood, used for cooking, represents an important source of energy for a population that is often poor and has no alternative. But the use of this wood is a source of respiratory illnesses due to the numerous particles emitted during combustion, which are inhaled by women and children in the vicinity of meal preparation. The use of wood is also a major cause of deforestation and desertification. The search for clean cooking fuels (butane, for example, to replace firewood, but also kerosene ( paraffin) – widely used in English-speaking countries, but with many drawbacks) is a priority.

There is, of course, considerable potential for solar energy...