3. Enhancing the value of low-carbon electrical energy with various electricity/heat conversion modes

The use of electric power in France, which is a low-carbon energy due to dominant thermonuclear production, is a solution to be favored to ensure a reduction in CO ₂ emissions for heat production. ADEME estimates it at a few dozen gCO ₂ per kWh produced. The values indicated range from 60 gCO ₂ /kWh to 150 gC0 ₂ /kWh, depending on the period of use of the primary resource and therefore on the more or less carbon-intensive production of electrical energy (the energy mix varies over the course of a day and the time of year).

There is a wide range of processes for producing heat from electrical energy, each adapted to specific industrial processes and application temperatures from...