4. Some other applications of heat pumps

Industrial processes have numerous heating requirements, often at higher temperatures than those needed for space heating or domestic hot water production. At the same time, there is often waste heat (from machine cooling, combustion exhaust, hot air or water discharge, etc.) that can serve as a cooling source; finally, in some cases, there are simultaneous needs for both heating and cooling. Figure 13 summarizes the main heating and cooling needs in industry that can be met by heat pumps.