2. Insulation system design

2.1 Basic materials used in electrical engineering

• The basic insulating materials used in electrical construction are highly sophisticated products, manufactured using meticulous techniques to guarantee the purity and homogeneity required for electrical applications. Insulating materials can be solid, liquid or gas-based.

  Many thermoplastic polymers are used as insulating materials. Among these, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) occupy a predominant position, particularly in the field of cables and capacitors, where they are processed by hot extrusion directly onto the material or in the form of a semi-finished product (film, for example).

  The elastomer...