Voice coil actuator

Magnetic circuits

Figure 1 - Cutting an electromagnet: example

Figure 2 - Equivalent magnetic diagram superimposed on the structure of an electromagnet

Figure 3 - Equivalent magnetic diagram of an electromagnet

Figure 4 - Simplified magnetic diagram of an electromagnet

Figure 5 - Determining the equivalent reluctance of an electromagnet

Figure 6 - Sizing an electromagnet: example

Figure 7 - Equivalent magnetic circuit for the electromagnet shown in figure 6

Figure 8 - Short-circuited turns in ferromagnetic material

Figure 9 - Representation of a ferromagnetic circuit for calculating resistance and losses

Figure 10 - Reducing eddy current losses by splitting the ferromagnetic circuit

Figure 11 - Linear voice coil actuator – Structured

Figure 12 - Coil position

Figure 13 - Magnetic field created by coil alone in air

Figure 14 - Dissymmetry of forces due to reluctance effect Fx

Figure 15 - Elimination of the reluctance effect with a symmetrical ferromagnetic circuit

Figure 16 - Toothed structure and field line approximation

Figure 17 - Field tubes and coordinates

Figure 18 - Toothed structure and field line approximation for ...

Figure 19 - Structure of a hybrid stepper motor

Figure 20 - Axial and transverse sections of a hybrid stepper motor

Figure 21 - Equivalent magnetic diagram of a hybrid stepper motor

Figure 22 - Elements of an equivalent three-slice per half-rotor magnetic schematic of a hybrid stepper motor

Figure 23 - Equivalent magnetic diagram of a hybrid stepper motor with three wafers per half rotor

Figure 24 - Induction distribution in the air gap of three half-rotor wafers of a hybrid stepper motor