2. Iron-nickel-aluminium alloys (alnicos)
These alloys, known since the 1930s, marked a clear advance in the field of permanent magnets at a time when only martensitic hard steels were used. The starting point was the NiAlFe 2 alloy, whose properties were considerably improved by a number of additions such as cobalt and titanium, as well as by heat treatments.
Different families of magnets can be obtained from these alloys:
isotropic alloys ;
anisotropic alloys ;
alloys with directed or columnar crystallization ;
sintered alloys.
These magnets are prepared by melting and casting to produce relatively fragile, high-hardness parts. Machining is carried out by diamond grinding or...
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Iron-nickel-aluminium alloys (alnicos)
Magnetic oxides: ferrites
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Standardization
- Magnetic materials – Method for measuring the coercive field of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit (classification index: C28-921) - NF EN 10330 - 08-03
- Magnetic materials – Materials for permanent magnets (magnetically hard) – Methods for measuring magnetic properties (Classification index: C28-919) - NF EN 10332 - 03-04
- Quantities and units – General principles. - NF X02-001 - 12-93
- Basic...
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Laboratories (non-exhaustive list)
Groupe de Physique des Matériaux GPM – University of Rouen http://www.univ-rouen.fr/gpm/
Néel Institute – CNRS Grenoble http://neel.cnrs.fr/
Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory
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