1. Dipoles
We call "elements" devices that make up part of a circuit, which itself cannot be broken down: short-circuit, matched load, attenuator, phase shifter, tee, directional coupler, power divider, and so on.
We will only describe dipoles that terminate propagation media. Oscillator dipoles are not covered here. These terminations are electromagnetically characterized by a single parameter that depends on the physical property involved: an impedance (admittance) whose value is a positive real number, which models energy dissipation by the Joule effect; an impedance (admittance) whose value is purely imaginary, which models an exchange of reactive energy. This single parameter can also be the associated reflection coefficient, which makes it possible to quantify the standing-wave regime. The main terminations developed for industrial...
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Dipoles
Basic quadripoles
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