5. Related solutions
In order to establish itself, plastic encapsulation has had to find solutions to each of the shortcomings listed in chapter . The manufacture of the semiconductor chip itself was transformed.
5.1 Chip passivation
The first step in countering circuit corrosion was to improve the semiconductor's protective, or passivation, layers. The most commonly used materials are silica and silicon nitride, deposited in thin layers (of the order of μm). Passivation takes place at the end of wafer manufacturing. The metallized areas used to wire the interconnection wires are not covered by the protection (figure ).
The quality of the passivation is also an important parameter of the protection provided: a lack of integrity...
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Related solutions
Life cycle of encapsulation technologies
Bibliography
In Engineering Techniques
Websites
To access JEDEC standards and publications http://www.jedec.org
For information on RoHS and lead-free products http://www.lead-free.org
Website of the INEMI association of manufacturers and equipment suppliers
Standards and norms
- Registered and standard outlines for solid state and related products - JEDEC 95 -
Standards for testing
- Essai d'endurance en stockage JESD22-A103 High Temperature Storage Test MIL STD 883 method 1008 - HTB (High Temperature Bake) -
- Essai d'endurance en fonctionnement pour CIs JESD22-A108 Bias Life MIL STD 883 method 1005 (steady state life) - HTOL (High Temperature Operating Life) - ...
Regulations
RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC EU directive on Restriction on the use of Hazardous Substances (RoHS).
Directory
Manufacturers
The most important manufacturers of component encapsulation resins are :
...Statistical and economic data
The breakdown of enclosure families (by volume) is shown in figure (2010 estimate based on data from Electronic Trend Publications).
PDIPs are still present. In percentage terms, traditional pin-type packages (SO, TSOP, QFP) are slowly declining in world production, but remain in the majority. Ball bearing packages (BGA, CSP) and tabless packages (QFN) account for...
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