3. Technologies under consideration

As already mentioned, the specific standardization of 5G, with Release 14, has not yet started. The standardization process will certainly be a long one, stretching into 2018-2020, according to estimates.

New contributions could be integrated, but, barring any surprises, the main technological building blocks for 5G are already known. In the remainder of this paragraph, we provide a brief description of the main technologies being considered for 5G, with the necessary bibliographical references. This list is not intended to be exhaustive.

• Using mmWaves

  Up to and including 4G, it was commonly accepted that radio frequencies above 5 GHz were unsuitable for cellular networks. Today, these frequencies are better mastered and are already used in recent WiFi wireless LANs, such as 802.11ad, operating...