1. Natural intelligence ... and artificial intelligence

1.1 Definition of intelligence

Intelligence is a multifaceted notion, difficult to define. Philosophers and scientists have been trying to define it for millennia. For the purposes of AI, we'll confine ourselves to qualifying intelligence by a set of capacities, notably memorization, knowledge structuring and conceptualization, perception, reasoning, decision-making, learning, communication and dialogue.

These capabilities can be found, to varying degrees, in today's AI systems. These systems feed on advances in these different fields. Conversely, as has been said, AI contributes to our understanding of intelligence.