4. Arithmetic and logic instructions

The arithmetic and logic instructions, together with the shift and rotation instructions, enable all calculation operations to be performed on integer data. These operations concern the maximum size of integer operands, i.e. 32 or 64 bits, depending on the instruction set version. In instruction sets (3,0), operations only concern register contents. In other instruction sets, operations can also be performed on memory operands. When operations are smaller than register size, they are extended when loaded from memory for the (3,0) model, and for all instructions for the other models.

Input carry and carryless addition instructions generally distinguish between addition on signed and unsigned data. In some instruction sets, an overflow during signed addition produces an exception. The same applies to subtraction instructions. Saturation addition instructions, which...