Calculation of catalytic reactors - Ammonia synthesis

Ammonia synthesis is one of the most important catalytic processes, alongside sulfuric acid synthesis. These two processes form the basis of the nitrogen fertilizer industry, whose importance to the global economy is well established. The recent self-sufficiency in cereals of countries such as India and Indonesia has only been possible thanks to the progressive development of the chemical fertilizer industry.

Production costs depend essentially on the price of natural gas (raw material and energy), with total consumption ranging from 30 to 40 GJ per tonne of ammonia produced.

The calculation and optimization of the ammonia reactor is of prime importance in the overall design of such a production plant. Recent developments in catalysts and technology have been driven by the rising cost of energy.