3. Description of modern industrial processes

3.1 Fixed-bed gasifier (Sasol-Lurgi)

The pressurized fixed-bed gasifier was developed by Lurgi in the 1930s (first commercial application: 1936), initially for lignite and using pure oxygen. Sasol-Lurgi is the benchmark for moderate-pressure fixed-bed technology, currently the most widespread in the world. First applied to lignite in Central Europe in 1940, this technology was extensively developed in South Africa from 1955 onwards for the production of synthetic fuels. Around 28% of installed gasification capacity uses this technology. A recent gasifier (mark V) can produce 90,000 Nm ³ /h of syngas, from 75 t/h of coal. Standard reactor sizes are shown in table 7 .

...