2. Industrial processes

Today, over 200 isomerization units are in operation worldwide. These units operate either with second-generation catalysts (platinum on mordenite) or, for the most part, with third-generation catalysts (platinum on chlorinated alumina). Today, only processes using third-generation catalysts are capable of isomerizing n-butane, which is less reactive than its superior counterparts.

In today's refining context, the isomerization process is becoming essential and strategic. With the increasingly stringent regulations governing the formulation of gasolines (no more lead, limitation of aromatic compounds, benzene in particular, olefin content, sulfur compounds, while maintaining a high octane level), the isomerate produced in isomerization units (free of aromatics, olefins and sulfur) is an ideal diluent for the other bases making up fuels, and also provides an octane...