2. Excitation modes for gas lasers
2.1 Energy levels in molecules
Atomic energy levels were described in the article ; as some gas lasers operate on the vibration-rotation levels of molecules, a brief description of these levels and their population is necessary for understanding population inversions in molecular lasers.
Gaseous molecules have one (diatomic molecules) or more modes of vibration v; within each mode there are levels of vibration; finally, each level of rotation is subdivided into levels of rotation. Transitions between levels take place according to quantum selection rules: Δv = 1 and ΔJ = 0, 1
Translational energy (thermal energy) is virtually continuous.
Vibration energy is equal (to a first...
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Excitation modes for gas lasers
Atomic gas lasers
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