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René JOECKLÉ: Former head of the Lasers, Optronics and Sensors division at the Franco-German Research Institute in Saint-Louis (ISL)
INTRODUCTION
Gas lasers were discovered almost simultaneously with solid-state lasers: in the infrared, the CO 2 laser was discovered by Patel. In the visible, the helium-neon (He-Ne) laser immediately enjoyed great development. These lasers require relatively simple technical equipment: excitation is obtained by a high-voltage electrical discharge in a low-pressure gas (generally a sealed tube in the case of the He-Ne laser). Laser radiation is generally continuous, which was initially the unique feature of gas lasers.
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Gas lasers
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