Optical switching

Microwave optoelectronics — Modulation, links and switching

Figure 1 - Spectrum of the optical field amplitude-modulated by a sinusoidal signal

Figure 2 - Spectrum of the optical field frequency-modulated by a sinusoidal signal

Figure 4 - Static characteristic of a laser diode (from )

Figure 5 - Frequency response of a laser diode for different bias currents (from )

Figure 6 - Spectrum of the modulus of the optical field emitted by a DFB laser diode (from )

Figure 7 - Measuring the intensity and frequency modulation indices of a laser diode (from )

Figure 8 - Principle of optical intensity modulation with an external modulator

Figure 9 - RF products in the output spectrum as a function of input power for a simple MZ modulator (after M. VARASI, )

Figure 10 - Mode coupling principle

Figure 11 - Switching principle for DOS switches

Figure 12 - TIR switch structure and operating principle

Figure 13 - Strictly non-blocking network

Figure 14 - Non-blocking network in the broadest sense

Figure 15 - Reconfigurable non-blocking network

Figure 16 - Blocking matrix networks

Figure 17 - Variation in the number of interfaces as a function of matrix order for a given system

Figure 18 - NEC 4 × 4 EODC matrix architecture

Figure 19 - DOS switch structure

Figure 20 - 4 × 4 matrix structure

Figure 21 - Hitachi matrix crossbar architecture

Figure 22 - Multi-block switch structure in the switching zone

Figure 23 - Cascade switch operating principle

Figure 24 - Structure of the non-blocking switching matrix

Figure 25 - Schematic diagram of spatial light modulators (SLMs): the two states of a ferroelectric liquid crystal cell

Figure 26 - Examples of micromirrors