4. Current research

4.1 Plasmonics

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4.1.1 What is a plasmon?

Plasmonics is a new and rapidly expanding field of research based on the study and characterization of a certain category of evanescent waves: surface plasmons. Under certain conditions, energy input at the surface of a conductor can trigger collective oscillation of the atoms' electron clouds, giving rise to an evanescent electromagnetic wave known as a "surface plasmon". Like all waves, this one is partly characterized by its dispersion equation, which governs its propagation....