Ablation mechanisms and process control

Lasers à impulsions ultrabrèves : applications

Figure 2 - Illustration of the ability of ultrashort pulses to cut the materials shown in the figure (Impulsion, France).

Figure 3 - Diagram of the diversity of absorption processes in dielectric materials between the valence band (VB) and the conduction band (CB).

Figure 4 - Illustration of 3D photo-inscription of a transparent material using ultra-short pulses (Translume, USA).

Figure 5 - Influence of laser pulse duration on free electron gas generation within silica glass (SiO2) [9] (laser comes from left, numerical focusing aperture 0.45, wavelength 800 nm, depth 200 ...

Figure 6 - Cadence effect diagram

Figure 7 - Calculation (ESTHER code) of the time evolution of material ejection after aluminum irradiation, for pulse durations of 150 fs (a ) and 15 ps (b) (after [15]).

Figure 8 - Diagram of the evolution of ablation rates with fluence [18].

Figure 9 - Illustration of the nano-machining principle using ultra-short pulses

Figure 10 - Illustration of the orientation of nanostructures obtained by femtosecond irradiation of a stainless steel sample [42].

Figure 13 - Diagram of the position of a water droplet on a textured surface [25].

Figure 14 - Example of a component produced by femtosecond technology on a glass substrate, using a photosensitization technique followed by chemical etching [28].

Figure 15 - Hip prosthesis head coated with DLC using femtosecond laser ablation [30].

Figure 16 - Schematic diagram of Ti:Saph and ytterbium laser technologies

Figure 17 - Schematic diagram of ultrashort pulse amplification by pulse stretching/compression

Figure 18 - Schematic diagram of machining devices

Figure 19 - Illustration of the principle and results of spatial beam shaping [34].

Figure 20 - Controlling femtosecond laser-induced index modification in BK7 borosilicate glass by temporal shaping of laser pulses [36]

Figure 22 - Illustration and principle of femtosecond impulse corneal surgery (LASIK) [38].

Figure 23 - Example of a stent made from a bioresorbable material (Impulsion, France, as part of the FUI &#34;UltraStent&#34; project).

Figure 24 - Example of surface texturing using femtosecond lasers. Production of microcavities on rubbing parts (HEF, France)

Figure 25 - Datamatrix produced on stainless steel using a nano-machining technique (Impulsion, France)

Figure 26 - Example of colored marking obtained by printing ripples on a stainless steel surface