Conclusion

Let's start by summarizing some of the results. One important point is that the mechanics of hot rolling in terms of flow (end shape, widening) or in terms of contact stress distribution, is essentially linked to the geometry of the operation; rheology plays only a secondary role, mainly through sensitivity to speed (m ). This does not, however, prevent us from taking rheology into account to the degree of precision required today.

The second point is the importance of thermal phenomena, which will come as no surprise to practitioners. Although we haven't gone into all the details here, it is clear that very broad and rapid thermal changes, with strong gradients, occur. Their importance is felt not only in terms of metal flow, but also in terms of their impact on structure and metallurgical qualities.

From the various calculation methods...