3. Synthesis and industrial manufacture of TiO2 powders

3.1 Industrial production of TiO2 powders

In nature, titanium is mainly combined with mineral compounds, and these mineral resources are relatively abundant.

The main mineral forms are anatase (TiO ₂ ), brookite, ilmenite (FeTiO ₃ ), perovskite, rutile (TiO ₂ ) and titanite (sphene). The most important mineral sources are ilmenite (45% TiO ₂ ) and rutile (95% TiO ₂ ). The largest deposits are in Australia and South Africa, providing around half the world's titanium ore production. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS),...