6. Conclusion

Traditional ceramics, intended for everyday domestic use and construction, are made from natural raw materials, among which clay plays an important role. In Europe and the Mediterranean Basin, this industry is of significant importance, ensuring self-sufficiency that allows the region's needs to be met without resorting to external raw materials.

Compared to other materials used in the same applications, ceramics stand out for their strength, durability, and hygienic properties, although their fragility remains a weakness. Technical segmentation is based primarily on the color and porosity of the shard, with the firing color being the key criterion determining the rarity, cost, and environmental impact of the raw materials.

The ceramic formulation is the result of the interaction between the requirements of use, the constraints of ceramic...